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苏联建筑业从1970年开始实行施工队承包制。第一个实行承包的施工队,是莫斯科建筑总局译廖诺格勒建筑管理局恩·阿·茨洛宾施工队,团为这种承包制是茨洛宾施工队首先实行的,所以它又称茨洛宾工作法。 1971年以来,苏联官方和建筑业的领导机关,多次作决议,订条例,发指示,要求在各种新建、改建和扩建工程中广泛推行施工队承包制。苏联官方认为,施工队承包制能加强生产内部的经济核算,扩大工人参加生产管理,使劳动者从物质利益上关心取得高水平的最终生产成果,从而加速工程项目的交付使用,缩短建设工期,提高劳动生产率,降低工程成本和提高工程质量。据报导,1982年承包施工队发展到8万个,占施工队总数的41％。198(?)年上半年,承包施工队的劳动生产率,比部门平均的劳动生产率提高36.4％,节约建筑安装工程造价的3％。从承包的形式看,也不断改进完善,从施工队承包发展到
The construction industry in the Soviet Union began implementing the construction team contracting system in 1970. The first construction team to carry out the contract was the construction team of the Enzo Azhpilin of the Building Management Agency of the Moscow State Construction Bureau. The group was the first implementation of the contracting system by the Zlobin construction team. Cribin work method. Since 1971, the leading organs of the Soviet government and construction industry have repeatedly made resolutions, made regulations, issued instructions, and demanded that the construction team contracting system be widely implemented in various new construction, reconstruction, and expansion projects. The Soviet official believes that the contracting system of construction teams can strengthen the internal economic accounting of production and expand the participation of workers in production management, so that workers can care about obtaining a high level of final production results from material interests, thereby accelerating the delivery of construction projects and shortening the construction period. Improve labor productivity, reduce engineering costs and improve project quality. It was reported that in 1982, the contracted construction team had grown to 80,000, accounting for 41% of the total number of construction teams. In the first half of 198(?), the labor productivity of contracted construction teams increased by 36.4% over the average labor productivity of the department, saving 3% of the construction and installation cost. Looking at the form of contracting, it also continuously improved and improved from the contracting of the construction team to