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中国和越南分别在1978年、1986年启动了经济改革,两国都取得了引人瞩目的成就。然而,尽管改革的背景和特征大体相近,两国的增长还是出现了明显的不同。文章研究发现:(1)中国与越南在其初始条件、改革与经济管理的方式上是相似的;(2)两国的增长不仅兼有量与质的差异,而且当两国在加速增长之时,增长上的差距就会扩大;(3)中国与越南增长的差异主要由政府效能上相当大的差异来解释,而不是以制度特征或人力资本上的显著差距来解释。
China and Vietnam started their economic reforms in 1978 and 1986, respectively, and both countries have made remarkable achievements. However, despite the similar background and characteristics of the reforms, there has been a clear difference in growth between the two countries. The study found that: (1) China and Vietnam are similar in terms of their initial conditions, the ways of reform and economic management; (2) The growth of both countries is not only characterized by both quantity and quality, but also when the two countries are accelerating their growth (3) The difference between the growth of China and Vietnam is mainly explained by the considerable differences in government effectiveness rather than by the significant differences in institutional characteristics or human capital.