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旱地两熟区是我国旱作农业重要区域,同时也是主要的粮食产区。本研究基于文献资料查阅、地方测土配方施肥数据收集等方式,分析旱地两熟区农田土壤养分盈缺状况。结果表明:以全国土壤养分含量分级标准为参照,我国旱地两熟区农田土壤养分含量总体达到中等水平,区域间养分含量差异较大,以云南高原最好,江淮丘陵次之,华北平原、黄土高原和川中丘陵最差;与其他粮食主产区土壤肥力相比处于中下等水平;与80年代全国第二次土壤普查数据相比,绝大部分旱地两熟区的农田土壤养分含量明显增加,但对于原始地力较高的云南高原地区,土壤有机质和速效钾含量稍降。在今后的田间管理中合理施肥、秸秆还田和保护性耕作等精细农田管理措施将成为提高该区土壤肥力的关键。
Dry land two ripe areas is an important area of China’s dry farming, but also the main grain producing areas. This study based on the literature review, local soil testing and fertilization data collection methods, analysis of dry land two cropland soil nutrient surplus situation. The results showed that with the reference to the grading standard of soil nutrients in China, the soil nutrient contents of farmland in the two regions of dry land reached the medium level and the nutrient contents in different regions were quite different. The soil nutrient contents in the two regions were the best in Yunnan Plateau, followed by the Jianghuai Hilly, Compared with the soil fertility of other major grain producing areas, the soil fertility was at the lower and middle levels. Compared with the data of the second national soil census in the 1980s, most of the soil nutrients in the dry land and double cropping areas were significantly increased , But the content of soil organic matter and available potassium decreased slightly in Yunnan Plateau with higher original ground force. In the future field management, fine farmland management measures such as rational fertilization, straw returning and conservation tillage will become the key to improve soil fertility in this area.