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采用熵权法确定亚洲—太平洋地区水安全评价指标体系中各指标的权重,评估亚洲—太平洋47个国家的水安全状况。国家综合水安全包括生活水安全、经济水安全、城市水安全、环境水安全和水灾害抗御力五个方面,权重比值约为34:19:14:22:11。其中,生活水安全的国家间差异最大,水灾害抗御力的国家间差异最小;经济水安全的区域整体状况最好,而水灾害抗御力的整体水平较不理想。综合水安全的评估结果显示,在国家层面,澳大利亚、新西兰、马来西亚和新加坡的水安全状况最佳,基里巴斯的水安全状况最令人担忧;在区域层面,东亚及太平洋地区的水安全状况较之南亚、东南亚和中西亚为佳;整体而言,亚洲—太平洋地区的整体水安全状况亟待改善。
Entropy method was used to determine the weight of each index in the evaluation system of water security in the Asia-Pacific region and to assess the water security in 47 countries in Asia-Pacific. The national integrated water security includes living water security, economic and water security, urban water security, environmental water security and water disaster resilience. The weight ratio is about 34:19:14:22:11. Among them, the countries with the greatest difference in living water safety have the most differences among them, and the countries with the lowest water resilience have the least differences. The overall economic and water security situation is the best, while the overall level of water disaster resilience is less than satisfactory. The results of the integrated water safety assessment show that at the national level, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore have the best water security status and the water safety situation in Kiribati is the most worrying. At the regional level, the water security situation in East Asia and the Pacific South Asia, South-East Asia and Central and West Asia. On the whole, the overall water security in the Asia-Pacific region needs to be improved urgently.