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1960—1964年在扬州地区,于各生育期剪除小麦南大2419植株不同部位的相邻的两张叶片,共后分期观察共对各部器官形成和产量构成因素的影响。本文主要用1963及1964年两年的资料,从各器官形成时期及剪叶对器官形成的影响,分析各叶位叶片在不同生育时期的作用,得出如下结果:1.南大2419小麦在扬州地区于11月10日播种时,主茎一生中长出11片叶。越冬前生长定型的为1/0—4/0叶,这些叶片簇生在分蘖节上,每个叶腋内一般都能发生分蘖,返青以后这些叶片相继枯亡。冬前剪除1/0,2/0,2/0 3/0或3/0 4/0叶都明显地抑制了分蘖和发根,穗数减少,而且单株结实粒数也有不同程度的下降,单株产量降低17.9—27.6%。越冬期及返青期剪除它们,对植株以后的生长及产量均无显著的影响。因此这些叶片的主要作用是供应植株冬前分蘖发根以有机养分,形成壮苗,奠定穗数;并为越冬和返青生长奠定物质基础。2.返青期长出5/0,6/0及7/0叶,这些叶片亦簇生于分蘖节上,但除5/0叶外,它们的叶腋内一般并不发生分蘖。这些叶片在拔节至孕穗期间相继开始衰老枯亡。返青期剪 除这些叶片抑制分蘖发根,穗数略有减少;对茎基部1、2节间的组织分化(形成维管束,机械组织及薄壁组织)伸长长粗均有明显的不良影响;对穗部的影响是小穗总数明显减少。拔节期剪除这些叶
From 1960 to 1964, two adjacent leaves from different parts of wheat 2492 in Nanyda 2419 were cut off in different growth stages in Yangzhou area. The total number of organs was measured by post-staging to observe the effects on organ formation and yield components. In this paper, the data of two years of 1963 and 1964 were used to analyze the effect of leaves on the formation of organs from various organs and the effects of leaf-cutting on organ formation. The results are as follows: 1. Nanda 2419 wheat in Yangzhou When the area was sown on November 10, the main stem grew 11 leaves throughout its life. The growth pattern before winter was 1 / 0-4 / 0 leaves, these leaves clustered in the tillering node, each leaf axils can generally occur tillering, turning green after the succession of these leaves died. Pre-winter cutting of 1/0, 2/0, 2/0, or 3/0 4/0 leaves significantly inhibited tillers and hairy roots, reduced spikelets, and also reduced the number of grains per plant , Yield per plant decreased by 17.9-27.6%. During the winter and rejuvenation, they were cut off and had no significant effect on the future growth and yield of the plants. Therefore, the main role of these leaves is to supply plant tillers tillering roots of organic nutrients to form strong seedlings, laying spikes; and lay the material foundation for the winter and rejuvenation growth. The leaves of 5/0, 6/0 and 7/0 leaves grew up in greening stage. These leaves were also clustered in the tillering nodes. However, except the leaves of 5/0, tillers did not occur in axils of leaves. These leaves began to age and die one after the other from jointing to booting. Regeneration of these leaves cut off the tillering of the roots, the number of ears decreased slightly; on the base of 1, 2 sections between the tissue differentiation (the formation of vascular bundles, mechanical and parenchyma) have significant long-term effects of coarse and thin; The effect on the ear is that the total number of spikelets is significantly reduced. Cut off these leaves at the jointing stage