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目的对北海市辖区连续17年34轮进行脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)减毒活疫苗(OPV)强化免疫活动实施效果评价。方法利用该市1991-2008年1月的3岁以下儿童OPV强化免疫以及人群脊灰中和抗体水平、脊灰发病监测等资料进行描述性分析。结果该市17年OPV的强化免疫合计接种率97.9%;零剂次儿童占3岁以下总儿童的3.9%;1～59岁健康人群脊灰Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体阳性率分别为99.0%、99.5%、97.5%,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1:115.7、1:97.2、1:32.6。病毒学监测已连续15年无脊灰野病毒病例发生。结论该市辖区17年OPV的强化免疫效果显著,人群对脊灰已形成免疫屏障,维持了无脊灰状态。
Objective To evaluate the effect of boosting polio activity of poliomyelitis (poliovirus) attenuated live vaccine (OPV) in 34 districts in Beihai municipality for 17 consecutive years. Methods Descriptive analysis of the OPV immunization and polio neutralization antibody levels in the population and the surveillance of poliovirus incidence in children aged 3 years and under in the city from January 1991 to January 2008 was conducted. Results The total immunization rate of OPV in 17 years in the city was 97.9%. Zero-dose children accounted for 3.9% of the total children under 3 years old. The positive rates of type I, II and III neutralizing antibodies of polio in 1-59 years old were 99.0%, 99.5% and 97.5% respectively. The geometric mean antibody titer (GMT) was 1: 115.7, 1: 97.2 and 1: 32.6, respectively. Virology monitoring has been reported for 15 consecutive years without poliovirus cases. CONCLUSIONS: The 17-year intensive immunization of OPV in the area of the city is significant. The population has formed an immune barrier to polio and maintained a polio-free status.