概况 1976年7月美国退伍军人协会宾夕法尼亚州分会在费城举行的第58届年会,由于肺炎和发热疾病的暴发,使得34人死亡。这次流行的疾病以往未被人们所认识,故以会议的名称命名为军团病(LegionnairesDisease,LD)或叫做退伍军人病。这次会议作为军团病的历史背景给人们留下了深刻的记忆。这次流行是由一种革兰氏阴性杆菌所引起的,Brenner等将该菌定名为嗜肺军团菌(Legionella Pneumophila)(1-4)。后来经细菌学和血清学的调查结果表明,军 Overview July 1976 The 58th Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Legion of the United States Veterans Service in Philadelphia resulted in 34 deaths due to the outbreak of pneumonia and febrile illness. The prevalence of the disease has not been recognized in the past, so the name of the meeting named legionnaires disease (LegionnairesDisease, LD) or veteran disease. The meeting as a history of Legionnaires left a deep memory of people. The epidemic is caused by a Gram-negative bacterium, which Brenner et al named the bacterium Legionella Pneumophila (1-4). Later, the bacteriological and serological findings showed that the army