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针对水库运行中蓄水与排沙的矛盾,兼顾水库防洪、发电、航运及长期利用的综合运用目标,利用多目标决策方法建立了水库水沙多目标联合优化调度模型,即汛期采用分级流量原则控制水位运行,制定分级流量与对应的运行水位,通过水库发电调度与泥沙冲淤计算的耦合,计算在约束条件下水库的发电量、泥沙淤积量及长期综合效益。将该模型应用于三峡水库综合运行研究中,汛期按分级流量原则控制水位运行50年。计算结果表明,与原设计水位运行方式相比,汛期分级流量运行的综合效益增加6.324%、发电量增加5.559%、泥沙淤积量仅增加0.148%,可见水沙联合调度的汛期分级流量运行方式能充分发挥三峡水库的综合效益。
In view of the contradiction between water storage and sediment discharge in reservoir operation, taking into account the comprehensive utilization targets of reservoir flood control, power generation, shipping and long-term utilization, the multi-objective decision-making method is used to establish a joint multi-objective optimization model of water and sediment storage, Controlled water level operation, the establishment of grading flow and corresponding operating water level, through the coupling of reservoir power generation scheduling and sediment erosion and silting calculation, calculates the power generation capacity, sediment deposition and long-term comprehensive benefits of reservoirs under constraint conditions. The model is applied to the study of the comprehensive operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The water level is controlled for 50 years according to the principle of graded flow in the flood season. The calculation results show that compared with the original design water level operation mode, the comprehensive benefit of the graded flow operation in flood season increases by 6.324%, the generation capacity increases by 5.559% and the sediment deposition only increases by 0.148%. It can be seen that the combined operation of flood and sediment flowrate The Three Gorges Reservoir can give full play to the overall efficiency.