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分析研究了低孔低渗(致密)储层地层损害的机理,认为低孔低渗储层损害机理与中低渗砂岩储层损害机理的主要差别表现在:(1)储层液锁损害(主要为水锁损害);(2)储层毛细管自吸损害;(3)储层裂缝或微裂缝损害;(4)储层应力敏感性损害等。低孔低渗储层的保护主要体现在防止储层水锁损害和保护对低渗(致密)储层渗透率贡献率最大的孔喉及其裂缝微裂缝这两个方面,屏蔽暂堵钻井完井液技术和保护储层的射孔液、压井液技术是保护低孔低渗储层的两项主要技术,但屏蔽暂堵技术的暂堵机理及其体系配方与中低渗砂岩储层的相比差异很大。
The mechanism of formation damage in low porosity and low permeability (tight) reservoirs is analyzed. The main differences between the mechanism of low porosity and low permeability reservoir damage and the mechanism of middle and low permeability sandstone reservoir damage are as follows: (1) Mainly water lock damage); (2) Capillary capillary self-priming damage; (3) Reservoir fractures or micro-cracks damage; (4) Reservoir stress sensitivity damage and so on. The protection of low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs is mainly manifested in two aspects: prevention of water-lock damage and protection of pore-throats and fractures with the largest contribution to the permeability of low-permeability (tight) reservoirs. Well fluid technology and perforation fluid and well killing fluid technology for reservoir protection are two main technologies for protecting low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs. However, the temporary plugging mechanism of the temporary plugging technology and its system formulation are similar to those of middle-low permeability sandstone reservoirs The difference is very large.