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选取4、16、28月龄3种规格的硬壳蛤各100只,测量每个个体的壳长、壳高、壳厚和活体重。采用相关分析和通径分析,计算各规格内各测量性状间的相关系数,并分析形态性状对活体重的影响效果和综合决定系数。结果表明,各规格硬壳蛤壳长、壳高、壳厚和活体重相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.001);小规格硬壳蛤的壳厚(0.398)、中规格和大规格硬壳蛤的壳长(0.639、0.403)分别是影响活体重的主要因素,综合决定系数与通径系数有一致的变化趋势,表明壳厚可作为早期选择小规格硬壳蛤活体重的主要间接指标,而选择中、大规格硬壳蛤活体重应以壳长为主要指标。多元回归分析建立各规格硬壳蛤形态性状估计活体重的回归方程,小规格:Y=-1.249+0.053X1+0.04X2+0.111X3;中规格:Y=-8.743+0.345X1;大规格:Y=-62.704+0.783X1+0.585X2+1.368X3。本研究结果为硬壳蛤不同时期选种提供理论依据和理想的测度指标。
A total of 100 hard-shelled clams of 4, 16, and 28-month-old were selected to measure shell length, shell height, shell thickness and live weight of each individual. Correlation analysis and path analysis were used to calculate the correlation coefficient of each measured trait in each specification, and the effect of morphological traits on live weight and the comprehensive determination coefficient were analyzed. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of shell length, shell height, shell thickness and live weight of each shell of hard shell reached the extremely significant level (P <0.001). The shell thickness (0.398), middle size and large size of hard shell Shell length of shellfish (0.639,0.403) were the main factors influencing live weight respectively. The trend of consistent determination of coefficient and path coefficient was consistent, indicating that shell thickness could be used as the main indirect indicator of live weight selection of small-sized shellfish , While the selection, the large size of hard shell clam living body weight should be shell length as the main indicator. Multivariate regression analysis was established to estimate the body weight of the morphological traits of hard crusts. The regression equation was: Y = -1.249 + 0.053X1 + 0.04X2 + 0.111X3; medium size: Y = -8.743 + 0.345X1; = -62.704 + 0.783X1 + 0.585X2 + 1.368X3. The results of this study provide theoretical basis and ideal measurement index for the selection of hard-shell clams in different periods.