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前言恶性肿瘤、原发性及继发性免疫缺陷病、自身免疫性疾病等,都是因为患者机体的防御机构先天性或继发性地发生紊乱使病情不断恶化、迁延。免疫系统是机体防御机构的中心。在免疫学上把能增强或调节患者防御功能的药物称做免疫疗法药。免疫疗法药大致可以分为两类:一种是能够激活免疫功能低下患者免疫功能的药物,即免疫(增强)调节剂;另一种是能抑制免疫功能亢进的药物,即免疫抑制剂。免疫调节剂大多是以癌的非特异性免疫疗法为目的而开发的药物。临床上与外科手术疗法,放射线疗法,化学疗法等合并应用。近年来已经明确,免疫反应是复杂的,它是借助于有免疫作用的细胞产生的液相因子,巧妙地调节细胞间的相互作用而实现的。其
Introduction Malignant tumors, primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases, and autoimmune diseases are all caused by congenital or secondary disturbances in the defensive organs of the patient’s body and the condition is constantly deteriorating and prolonged. The immune system is the center of the body’s defense mechanism. Immunologically, a drug that enhances or regulates the defense function of a patient is called an immunotherapy drug. Immunotherapy drugs can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to activate the immune function of patients with immune dysfunction, that is, immune (enhanced) regulators; the other is to inhibit the immune function of hyperthyroidism drugs, namely immunosuppressive agents. Most immunomodulators are drugs developed for the purpose of non-specific immunotherapy of cancer. Clinically combined with surgical therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, etc. In recent years, it has been clarified that the immune response is complex. It is achieved by virtue of the liquid-phase factors produced by the immune cells and the fine adjustment of cell-cell interactions. its