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近年来,全国课标卷和各省自主命题卷对物理学科的相对误差计算均有所涉列,值得师生关注。在教学中,以相对误差计算结果为基础,可以采用对伏安法测电阻、伏安法测电源电动势和内阻、利用半偏法测小量程电流表内阻和利用半偏法测电压表内阻等4种实验设计策略,从而找到解决相对误差的最佳方法。
In recent years, the national curriculums and autonomous volition papers on the subject of physics have been involved in the calculation of the relative error, it is worth the attention of teachers and students. In teaching, the relative error calculation based on the measured voltage and voltammetry can be used to measure the power electromotive force and internal resistance, the use of half-scale method to measure the small-scale ammeter resistance and the use of semi-partial measurement voltmeter Resistance and other four experimental design strategies, to find the best solution to the relative error.