科学合理的评估农业产品水资源消耗及其环境影响对保护区域农业生产安全和水资源合理配置具有重要意义.本文以滇池流域为例,耦合水足迹和生命周期评价方法,对流域内2005—2011年主要农业产品水足迹空间格局进行分析,并对其环境影响进行测度.结果显示:滇池流域主要农作物和动物产品年平均水足迹分别为4.88×108m3·a-1和8.97×108m3·a-1,动物产品总水资源消耗大于农作物产品.动物产品水足迹的人类健康和生态系统质量总环境影响高于农作物,但资源消耗总环境影响要低于农作物,各区县产品水足迹环境影响值最大的为猪肉、水稻和玉米.各区县主要产品水足迹及其环境影响空间差异显著,嵩明县和晋宁县的产品水足迹环境影响最高,城区则较低.本文最后提出:评价一种产品对区域水资源的可持续性影响时,不仅要考虑产品耗水量也应考虑产品对水资源产生的潜在环境影响大小,应从水资源管理和生命周期角度综合考虑.水资源量少的地区,应侧重选择水资源消耗量小的产品,水量充沛地区则应选择对人类和生态产生影响小的产品. Scientific and reasonable assessment of agricultural products, water consumption and environmental impact on the protection of agricultural production in the region and the rational allocation of water resources is of great significance.In this paper, Dianchi Lake basin, for example, coupled with water footprint and life cycle assessment methods, within the basin 2005-2011 The annual water footprint of major crops and animal products in Dianchi Lake Basin were 4.88 × 108m3 · a-1 and 8.97 × 108m3 · a-1, respectively , The total water consumption of animal products is greater than that of crop products.Human health and ecosystem quality of animal products in water footprint are higher than that of crops, but the total environmental impact of resource consumption is lower than that of crops, and the environmental footprint of products in all districts and counties is the largest Which is pork, rice and corn.Water footprint of the main products in all districts and counties and its environmental impact space are significantly different, Songming County and Jinning County have the highest environmental impact of product water footprint and lower urban area.Finally, this paper proposes: The sustainability of water resources, not only to consider the product water consumption should also consider the product of water resources In the environmental impact of size, should water resources management and life-cycle perspective into account. Water less areas, should focus on a small selection of water consumption products, abundant water areas should be selected to produce a small impact on human and ecological products.