转iaa M(色氨酸单加氧酶基因)高衣分棉花种质已经培育出来,但应用于育种研究较少。我们利用转iaa M高衣分棉花种质IF1-1做父本、16个陆地棉品种(系)做母本,分别配制杂交组合,检测了亲本及其F1和F2群体的iaa M遗传;田间调查了材料的抗病性及农艺性状,室内考查了产量构成因子,同时进行了产量统计分析;通过系统选育结合分子辅助选择对杂交后代进行定向培育,获得了新的高衣分种质,实现了该种质的育种应用。结果表明:(1)FBP7-iaa M是1对显性基因;(2)与高衣分亲本IF1-1相比,F1和F2代衣分不具备超中与超亲优势,但与16个母本品种(系)相比,却能明显提高现有品种(系)的衣分率;(3)F1代产量尤其是皮棉产量具备较明显的超亲优势,皮棉产量优势值为13.4%,这就意味着可以选择生产上产量较高的品种与IF1-1配制杂交组合,选择高优势杂交种直接利用;(4)F1和F2代抗病性明显好于IF1-1,但与母本相比较差,所以,在杂交后代的选择中应注意观察枯萎病和黄萎病的发病情况,选择抗病性好的后代;(5)子棉产量的提高主要是通过铃重和单株铃数的增加来实现,皮棉产量的增加则是通过子棉产量与衣分的共同提高来完成;(6)杂交后代具备选择出高衣分新品系的潜力。本研究实现了将国家科技重大专项获得的第2代转基因棉花种质应用于棉花育种,对提升我国生物育种水平具有重大意义。 Transgenic iaa M (tryptophan monooxygenase gene) high cotton clones have been bred, but less applied to breeding studies. We used the male parent of IF1-1 and 16 cotton cultivars (lines) as the female parent, respectively. The hybrids were prepared and tested for their iaa M inheritance in F1 and F2 populations. The disease resistance and agronomic traits of the materials were investigated. The yield components were tested indoors and at the same time, the yield statistics were analyzed. Through the systematic breeding and molecular aided selection, the new offspring germplasms were obtained, The germplasm breeding application has been realized. The results showed that: (1) FBP7-iaa M was a pair of dominant genes; (2) F1 and F2 were not superior to superfamily and super-progeny in high-coat parent IF1-1, (3) F1 generation yield, especially lint yield, had obvious super-parents superiority, and the lint yield superiority value was 13.4% This means that it is possible to choose hybrids with higher yield varieties and IF1-1 and choose high-yielding hybrids for direct utilization. (4) The disease resistances of F1 and F2 generations are significantly better than IF1-1, Therefore, the incidence of Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt should be observed in the selection of the offspring of hybrids and the offspring with good disease resistance should be selected. (5) The improvement of cotton yield is mainly determined by boll weight and boll number The increase of lint yield is achieved through the joint improvement of cotton seed yield and lint yield. (6) The offspring of hybrids have the potential of selecting new clones with high lint percentage. This study has realized that it is of great significance to apply the second generation transgenic cotton germplasm obtained from major national science and technology projects to cotton breeding to enhance the level of biological breeding in our country.