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云冷杉林是玉龙雪山东坡保存最完整的森林植被,为了更好地了解其物种组成和群落结构等基本特征,中国科学院昆明植物研究所联合玉龙雪山省级自然保护区管护局,按照CTFS(Center for Tropical Forest Science)的样地建设标准,于2012–2014年在玉龙雪山省级自然保护区内建立了25 ha(500 m×500 m)的长期监测样地。本研究以样地内所有胸径(DBH)≥1 cm的木本植物(不含竹子)为研究对象,分析了该样地的区系成分、群落组成、垂直结构及径级结构。结果表明:样地内DBH≥1 cm的木本植物(不含竹子)独立个体数为47,751,分属26科41属62种,以温带分布尤其是北温带成分为主要区系特征。重要值≥1的物种有18个,贡献了90.24%的重要值。群落垂直结构可分为4层,川滇冷杉(Abies forrestii)、丽江云杉(Picea likiangensis)和帽斗栎(Quercus guajavifolia)为主林层优势种和建群种,径级分布为峰型或近倒“J”型,持续更新能力较好;吴茱萸五加(Gamblea ciliata var.evodiifolia)、篦齿槭(Acer pectinatum)和短梗稠李(Padus brachypoda)是主亚林层的优势种,在某些片段可形成落叶阔叶林的优势群落,径级分布出现明显断层,未来将出现衰退。西康花楸(Sorbus prattii)、桦叶荚蒾(Viburnum betulifolium)和云南杜鹃(Rhododendron yunnanense)是次林层的优势种;灌木层假小檗(Berberis fallax)是样地内个体数最多的物种,占总个体数的59.51%,其重要值最高,占总数的22.75%,径级分布呈“L”型。
In order to better understand the basic characteristics of its species composition and community structure, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in conjunction with the Yulong Snow Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve Management and Protection Bureau, according to CTFS (Center for Tropical Forest Science), a 25 ha (500 m × 500 m) long-term monitoring site was set up in Yulong Snow Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve in 2012-2014. In this study, all the woody plants (excluding bamboo) with DBH ≥1 cm in the sample area were studied. The fauna composition, community composition, vertical structure and diameter structure of the sample were analyzed. The results showed that the number of independent individuals of woody plants (excluding bamboo) with DBH≥1 cm in the sample was 47,751, belonging to 62 families, 41 genera and 62 species, with temperate distribution, especially the north temperate component as the main floristic characteristics. Eighteen species with an importance of 1 or more contributed 90.24% of the important values. The vertical structure of the community can be divided into four layers. Abies forrestii, Picea likiangensis and Quercus guajavifolia are the dominant species and constructive species in the forest, Nearly “J” type, the ability of continuous updating was better; Gamblea ciliata var. Vodiifolia, Acer pectinatum and Padus brachypoda were the dominant species , In some fragments can form the deciduous broad-leaved forest dominant community, size distribution obvious fault, the future will decline. Sorbus prattii, Viburnum betulifolium and Rhododendron yunnanense were the dominant species in the next forest. Berberis fallax shrubs were the most abundant individuals in the sample area, accounting for The total number of 59.51% of individuals, the highest value of the highest, accounting for 22.75% of the total, diameter distribution was “L ” type.