同源四倍体水稻（2n＝4x＝48）由于其细胞内染色体数的倍增而导致生殖性状发生了明显变化．雄配子体中存在较少的正常花粉粒（13．35％～17．49％）和较多的败育花粉粒（82．51％～86．65％）．败育花粉粒包括典败、圆败和染败花粉粒．同源四倍体水稻APⅣ（4）的成熟胚囊内存在着正常蓼型（43．0％）、退化型（36．0％）和变异型（21．0％）胚囊．变异型胶囊中包括双卵卵器（71．4％）、三卵卵器（17．5％）和无助细胞（11．1％）胚囊．不同季节，APⅣ（4）颖花内的多卵频率存在着明显差异，同一季节强势颖花的多卵频率明显高于弱势颖花的多卵频率．由此认为，同源四倍体水稻的雌雄配子体表现出异常发育状态，有性生殖能力已明显变弱． Autotetraploid rice (2n = 4x = 48) resulted in significant changes in reproductive traits due to doubling of the number of chromosomes within the cell. There were less normal pollen grains (13.35% ~ 17.49%) and more abortion pollen grains (82.51% ~ 86.65%) in male gametophytes. Abortion pollen grains include classic defeat, round defeat and defeat pollen grains. The normal diploid tetraploid APIV (4) contained normal polygamous (43.0%), degenerated (36.0%) and variant (21.0%) embryo sacs in the mature embryo sac. Variant capsules included double egg (71.4%), three egg (17.5%) and helpless cell (11.1%) embryo sac. In different seasons, there were significant differences in the frequency of multiple eggs in the spikelets of APⅣ (4). The multiple eggs frequency of the dominant spikelets was significantly higher than that of the weak spikelets in the same season. Therefore, the male and female gametophytes of autotetraploid rice showed an abnormal developmental state, and the sexual reproduction ability was obviously weakened.