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目的研究迷迭香提取物对仓鼠血脂水平及小肠中胆固醇合成、吸收、代谢等基因调控的影响。方法以高脂高胆固醇膳食饲喂仓鼠为高脂血症模型,测定血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的含量,气相色谱法测定仓鼠肝脏中胆固醇和粪便中中性及酸性固醇的含量,Real time-PCR(RT-PCR)法检测小肠中HMG-Co A还原酶(HMGCR)、NPC1L1、ACAT2及ABCG5/8的表达水平。结果高脂高胆固醇(HF-HC)膳食造成高脂血症模型,迷迭香干预降低血清中TG含量(P<0.05),且0.3%、0.9%剂量组HDL-C含量升高(P<0.05);迷迭香组仓鼠肝脏中胆固醇含量较高脂高胆固醇组(HF-HC)显著降低(P<0.01),且粪便中总中性及酸性固醇排出量较HF-HC组增加,0.3%、0.9%剂量组有统计学差异性(P<0.05);RT-PCR结果显示,迷迭香可以下调胆固醇合成限速酶HMGCR及吸收关键酶NPC1L1基因的表达水平(P<0.05)。结论迷迭香可通过升高HDL-C水平,增加固醇排泄调节高血脂仓鼠机体胆固醇平衡,其机制可能与抑制小肠中胆固醇合成、酯化、吸收相关酶的表达有关。
Objective To study the effects of rosemary extract on the blood lipid level of hamsters and the regulation of cholesterol synthesis, absorption and metabolism in the small intestine. Methods Hamsters were fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for hyperlipidemia. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined by gas chromatography The contents of neutral and acid sterols in cholesterol and feces of hamster liver were detected by real time-PCR (RT-PCR). The expression of HMG-Co A reductase (HMGCR), NPC1L1, ACAT2 and ABCG5 / Results The hyperlipidemia model was induced by high-fat and high cholesterol (HF-HC) diet. Rosemary intervention reduced the content of TG in serum (P <0.05), and increased the content of HDL-C in 0.3% and 0.9% 0.05). The cholesterol in the liver of the rosemary group was significantly lower than that of the HF-HC group (P <0.01), and the total neutral and acid steroid excretion in the stool was higher than that in the HF-HC group (P <0.05). The results of RT-PCR showed that rosemary could down-regulate the expression of cholesterol-synthesizing rate-limiting enzyme HMGCR and the key enzyme NPC1L1 (P <0.05). Conclusion Rosemary can increase the level of HDL-C and increase sterol excretion to regulate cholesterol balance in hyperlipidemic hamster. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, esterification and absorption related enzymes in small intestine.