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利用南疆各地州1949—2008年间的风灾发生次数、累计发生时间,其造成的死亡人口、受灾农田面积、经济损失和死亡牲畜资料,对南疆风灾、灾度及其对农业生产的影响进行深入分析。分析得出:(1)在南疆总体上,风灾发生次数由20世纪50年代至90年代逐年增长,50年代发生11次,90年代发生115次,但21世纪开始略有减少;巴州、阿克苏和喀什风灾发生次数多,累计发生时间长,是防范风灾和灾后救助的重要区;克州、和田风灾发生次数少,累计发生时间短,是防范风灾和灾后救助的次要区。(2)在南疆风灾中均有重大灾害、一般灾害和轻度灾害,巴州属于重大风灾区;阿克苏、喀什与和田属于一般风灾区;克州属于轻度风灾区;(3)在南疆整体上,4～5月份风灾发生次数较多,累计发生时间较长,而且4～5月份是作物播种和出苗期,大风容易成灾,为此4～5月份是风灾防范和灾后救助的重点季节。(4)大风受灾农田面积随着耕地面积的扩大而增加,而且增长速度比耕地增长速度还快,建议加大投入,改善生态环境,加快退耕还林还草进程,建立减灾系统,加强风灾防治。
Based on the number of occurrences of wind damage and cumulative occurrence in 1949 and 2008 in all prefectures of southern Xinjiang, the death toll, the area of affected farmland, the economic losses and the data of dead animals, the impact of typhoon and its disasters on agricultural production in South Xinjiang In-depth analysis. The analysis shows that: (1) In southern Xinjiang, the number of windstorms increased year by year from the 1950s to the 1990s, 11 times in the 1950s and 115 times in the 1990s, but a slight decrease began in the 21st century. Akesu and Kashu frequent occurrences of wind disasters and accumulated long periods of time are important areas for preventing windstorms and post-disaster relief. The occurrence of windstorms and post-disaster relief are less frequent and less cumulative in Kezhou and Wada. (2) Major disaster, general disaster and mild disaster are all occurring in the typhoon disaster in southern Xinjiang. Bavaria is a major wind-affected area. Aksu, Kashgar and Hetian belong to the general areas hit by the storm. The state of Kezhou belongs to the mildly-hit area. (3) As a whole, the number of windstorms occurred from April to May was relatively large with a long cumulative period of occurrence, and from April to May was crop planting and seedling emergence. The strong winds were easily disastrous. Therefore, from April to May this year was a disaster prevention and disaster relief aid Key season. (4) The farmland affected by strong winds will increase with the expansion of arable land, and its growth rate will be faster than that of arable land. It is suggested that more inputs be given to improve the ecological environment, speed up the process of returning farmland to forests and pasture, establish a disaster reduction system and strengthen prevention and control of wind .