新疆,地处我国西北边陲,为历代封建统治者所重视,清代也不例外。《清史稿·兵志》曾记载: “中国边防,东则三省,北则蒙边,西则新、甘、川、藏,南则湘、滇、黔,西沿边设卡,亦内外兼领,盖边防与国防並重焉。”“新疆为西域十六国故,历代筹边列戍居于首位。”林则徐作为清代后期著名的政治家,对筹边列戍相当注意,尤其是在1842—1845年他被遣戍新疆期间,在极其困难的条件下,仍进行了大量的勘垦屯田、兴修水利、推广先进技 Xinjiang, located in the northwestern border of China, is valued by the feudal rulers of all dynasties. The Qing Dynasty is no exception. “History of the Qing Dynasty · Bingzhi” once recorded: “China’s border defense, the three provinces in the east, the Mongolia in the north, the new in the west, the Gansu, the Sichuan and the Tibet in the south, the borders in the south of Hunan, Yunnan, Guizhou and the West, , Cover frontier defense and national defense Yan Yan. ”“ Xinjiang is the sixteen states of the Western Regions, the ranks of the ranks of the leaders in all previous generations. ”Lin Zexu as a famous politician in the late Qing Dynasty, considerable attention to the formation of columns, especially in the 1842- During the period when he was dispatched to Xinjiang in 1845, he still carried out a large amount of reclamation and maintenance of irrigation works and promotion of advanced technologies under extremely difficult conditions