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目的通过对三峡地区不同地区育龄期(20～39周岁)妇女1 694人的风疹抗体水平调查,为制定防治育龄期妇女感染风疹和控制先天性风疹综合征(CRS)的策略和措施提供依据。方法采取多阶段抽样方法,分别对宜昌市辖区内不同地貌按平原、丘陵和山区育龄期妇女进行流行病学个案调查和采样(血),检测风疹抗体水平。结果 1 694人中风疹抗体阳性人数为1 488人,抗体阳性率为87.84%,各年龄组抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义。抗体阳性率最高的是24岁组,为92.45%;最低的是32岁组,为82.80%。随年龄增大抗体阳性率下降,常住人口年龄别抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义,常住人口与流动人口抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义;流动人口年龄别抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义,分地区和分职业阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论目前宜昌市育龄期妇女抗体阳性率较高,基于2002年调查地区曾发生风疹暴发并采取了应急接种,建议维持儿童风疹疫苗高接种率,对15岁以上人群接种1剂风疹(或含风疹疫苗成分)疫苗,才能有效控制孕期风疹感染和CRS的发生。
Objective To investigate the level of rubella antibody in 1 694 women of childbearing age (20 ~ 39 years old) in different regions of the Three Gorges area in order to provide evidences for the prevention and treatment of rubella and control of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in women of childbearing age. Methods The multi-stage sampling method was used to carry out epidemiological investigation and sampling (blood test) of rubella antibody in different geomorphological areas in Yichang City according to the epidemiological survey. Results Among the 694 people, the number of positive rubella antibody was 1 488, the positive rate of antibody was 87.84%. The positive rate of antibody in each age group was statistically significant. The highest positive rate of antibody was 24 years old group, 92.45%; the lowest was 32 years old group, 82.80%. The antibody positive rate decreased with age, the resident population age-specific antibody positive rate difference was statistically significant, the resident population and floating population antibody positive rate was statistically significant; the age-specific antibody positive rate of floating population was no significant difference There was no significant difference in the positive rates of occupational areas and sub-occupations. Conclusions At present, women of childbearing age in Yichang City have a high positive rate of antibody. Based on the outbreak of rubella and emergency vaccination in the surveyed area in 2002, it is recommended to maintain the high vaccination rate of children’s rubella vaccine and to treat one person with rubella (or rubella) Vaccine ingredients) vaccine, in order to effectively control rubella infection during pregnancy and the occurrence of CRS.