对资本主义合理性问题的研究始于马克斯·韦伯,资本主义正是基于对合理性的追求才得以确立,并获得巨大成功。然而,现代资本主义对合理性追求的极致化,却导致了其赖以确立根基的动摇,这包括国民国家的退潮、资本主义与民主性的背离、科学理性的伦理困境、中产阶层的幻灭等。面对这些困境,资本主义无力根治,因为解决问题的方法,恰恰是瓦解资本主义的措施。 The study of the rationality of capitalism began with Max Weber. It is precisely because of the pursuit of rationality that capitalism was established and achieved great success. However, the ultimate pursuit of rationality by modern capitalism has led to the destabilization of its foundation. This includes the ebb tide of national states, the deviation of capitalism and democracy, the ethical dilemma of scientific rationality, the disillusionment of the middle class, etc. . In the face of these dilemmas, capitalism can not be radicalized because the solution to the problem is precisely the measure to disrupt capitalism.