介绍了建筑外墙渗漏的主要形式，并根据流体力学及表面物理化学理论，推导出水在墙体中渗透深度、渗透量及渗透时间的理论计算公式，从而对外墙渗漏的主要影响因素及其影响程度进行定量的评估。针对主要影响因素，简要介绍了防治外墙渗漏的常用方法及注意点 The main forms of leakage of external walls of buildings were introduced. According to the theory of fluid mechanics and surface physical chemistry, the theoretical calculation formulas for the penetration depth, penetration and penetration time of water in walls were deduced, so that the main influencing factors of external wall leakage and The degree of influence is quantitatively assessed. Focusing on the main influencing factors, the commonly used methods for preventing and controlling the leakage of external walls and the points of attention