目的　了解农村产褥期内妇女饮食、卫生行为状况。方法　用问卷调查的形式 ,对河北省涞水县 2 83名妇女的产褥期饮食、卫生行为进行了调查。结果　有 77.5 %的妇女产褥期不洗头 ,5 2 .3%的不刷牙 ,6 8.0 %的不洗下身 (指会阴部 ,下同 ) ,11.0 %的不进行任何活动 ;6 0 .5 %的不吃水果 ,71.9%的主要吃鸡蛋小米 ;2 8.1%的产后体重明显增加 ;产后访视率为45 .2 %。结论　在产褥期的卫生、饮食行为中 ,存在许多禁忌 ,这些禁忌的存在可能会直接或间接的影响妇女产褥期的健康 Objective To understand the dietary and health behaviors of women in rural areas during puerperium. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the puerperium diet and hygiene behaviors of 2 83 women in Huangshui County of Hebei Province. As a result, 77.5% of women did not wash their heads in puerperium, 5.23% did not brush their teeth, 6 8.0% did not wash lower body (referring to the perineum, the same below) and 11.0% did not perform any activities; and 0.55% 71.9% did not eat fruit, mainly eating egg and millet; 2 8.1% postpartum weight increased significantly; and postpartum visit rate was 45.2%. Conclusions There are many taboos in the hygiene and dietary behaviors during puerperium. The existence of these taboos may directly or indirectly affect the health of women during puerperium