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降低现有铝电解槽的极距可以获得很大的节能利益。本文从降低极距不损失或少损失电流效率的角度出发,对低极距下电解的电流效率进行了实验室研究。采用经改进的重量法直接测定小槽内铝阴极的电流效率。结果表明:在980℃时,在电解质与铝液界面上保持薄层Al_2O_3的情况下,极距降至2—3厘米时,电流效率超过80％(经铝损失修正后大于94％)。但极距低于2厘米后,电流效率急剧降低,且槽电压剧烈波动。采用带有排气沟的阳极后,由于加速了阳极气体的排去,在极距降至1—2厘米时仍可获得大于70％(修正铝损失后大于81％)的电流效率,且槽电压的波动也完全消失。
Reducing the pole pitch of the existing aluminum reduction cell can yield significant energy savings. In this paper, from the point of view of reducing the pole-length loss without loss or loss of current efficiency, a laboratory study on the current efficiency of electrolysis at low pole pitch was conducted. Directly using the improved gravimetric method to determine the current efficiency of the aluminum cathode in the cell. The results show that the current efficiency is over 80% (greater than 94% after the aluminum loss is corrected) when the polar distance is reduced to 2-3 cm with the Al 2 O 3 plate kept at the interface between electrolyte and aluminum liquid at 980 ℃. However, when the pole pitch is less than 2 cm, the current efficiency drastically decreases and the tank voltage fluctuates violently. With anodes with vent grooves, the current efficiency of greater than 70% (greater than 81% after aluminum loss correction) is still achieved due to accelerated anode gas venting down to a pole pitch of 1-2 cm, Voltage fluctuations also completely disappear.