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常用的肿瘤介入治疗包括经导管的动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)和经导管的动脉灌注化疗(TAIC或IAC)。TACE是将化疗药与栓塞剂注入肿瘤供血动脉,适用于肝、肾肿瘤。TAIC用于其他部位的肿瘤,只注入化疗药物而不用栓塞剂,进行局部的动脉大剂量冲击化疗,而避免邻近脏器受到栓塞。介入治疗所用的化疗药物有卡铂或顺铂,多柔比星或表柔比星,5-氟尿嘧啶,长春新碱或长春地辛等。栓塞剂有碘油、明胶海绵颗粒、微球颗粒等。根据肿瘤的状况,介入治疗可间隔4周重复1～3次,直至估计手术能完整切除肿瘤。国内TACE应用最多的儿童肿瘤为肝母细胞瘤和晚期肾母细胞瘤。TAIC被用于盆腔、卵巢、阴道、膀胱、骶尾部、腹腔、大网膜、肠系膜根部、臀部、上臂等部位恶性肿瘤的治疗。介入治疗与静脉用药全身化疗的交替应用具有更好的治疗作用。
Commonly used oncologic interventions include transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy (TAIC or IAC). TACE is the chemotherapy drugs and embolic agents into the tumor feeding artery, suitable for liver and kidney tumors. TAIC for other parts of the tumor, only chemotherapy without the use of embolic agents, high-dose local arterial chemotherapy, and to avoid embolism in the adjacent organs. Interventional chemotherapy with carboplatin or cisplatin, doxorubicin or epirubicin, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine or vindesine and so on. Embolic agents are iodized oil, gelatin sponge particles, microspheres particles. According to the status of the tumor, interventional treatment can be repeated 1 to 3 times every 4 weeks until the tumor is estimated to be completely resected. The most commonly used pediatric tumors in TACE are hepatoblastoma and advanced Wilms’s tumor. TAIC is used in pelvic, ovarian, vaginal, bladder, sacrococcygeal, intraperitoneal, omental, mesenteric root, buttocks, upper arms and other parts of the treatment of malignant tumors. Interventional therapy and intravenous systemic chemotherapy alternating application has a better therapeutic effect.