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对药用真菌星裂硬皮马勃进行生药学研究,为其开发应用提供依据。采集星裂硬皮马勃子实体,通过性状鉴别、菌丝和孢子显微特征观察,结合文献资料鉴定种类。利用薄层色谱建立星裂硬皮马勃专属性薄层鉴别特征,利用高效液相色谱法测定其化学成分含量。经过性状及显微特征观察,确定为药用真菌星裂硬皮马勃(Scleroderma polyrhizum Pers.)。薄层鉴别研究发现具有多个专属性的薄层色谱斑点,并含有麦角甾醇。高效液相色谱法测定其麦角甾醇含量为0.18%、甘露醇含量为0.50%。通过星裂硬皮马勃性状鉴别、扫描电镜下菌丝和孢子特征观察、薄层色谱鉴别,可综合鉴别星裂硬皮马勃的真伪,为其鉴别提供了参考依据。麦角甾醇和甘露醇含量可作为其质量控制的重要指标,也为今后星裂硬皮马勃开发利用提供科学数据。
Pharmacological fungi Star Clepsy Branus Pharmacopoeia study for its development and application provide the basis. The collection of Asclepiadaceae fruiting bodies, through traits identification, mycelium and spore microscopic observation, combined with the literature identified species. Thin layer chromatography was used to establish the thin layer identification characteristics of star clematis, and the content of chemical components was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. After the observation of traits and microscopic features, it was identified as the medicinal fungus Scleroderma polyrhizum Pers. Thin layer identification studies have found that there are multiple proprietary TLC spots and contain ergosterol. The ergosterol content was 0.18% and mannitol content was 0.50% as determined by HPLC. Through the identification of trachoma flax traits, scanning electron microscopy mycelium and spore characteristics, thin layer chromatography identification, can be a comprehensive identification of the authenticity of the star crack crust, to provide a reference for the identification. Ergosterol and mannitol content as an important indicator of its quality control, but also for future development and utilization of star clepsydra to provide scientific data.