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目的现场调查两起麻疹聚集性疫情,用时间曲线图的方法分析两起麻疹聚集性疫情是否存在流行病学关联,为研判、防控疫情提供依据。方法对两起麻疹聚集性疫情开展现场流行病学调查,结合麻疹的临床特点,通过描绘时间曲线图及传播链关系图,探讨病例在发病的时间和空间分布上是否具有一致性,结合流行病学调查,判断两起聚集性疫情及病例之间的流行病学关联。结果 2013年4月,珠海市发生两起麻疹的本地聚集性疫情(共6名病例),一起由输入性病例在住院期间同时传染同病房的两名本地人员引起;另一起为本地感染引起,表现为家庭聚集性,出现第3代病例。两起聚集性疫情不存在流行病学关联。结论时间曲线图能直观地显示病人的暴露、发病、传染及住院等时间分布,结合病例传播链关系图及流行病调查,能较好地理清病例之间的流行病学关联情况。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of two measles agglomerations on site and to analyze the epidemiological relationship between the two measles cluster epidemics with the time curve method to provide the basis for the judgment and prevention of the epidemic. Methods An epidemiological investigation of two measles-related epidemics was carried out. Combined with the clinical features of measles, the time curve and transmission chain diagram were plotted to find out whether the cases were consistent in the distribution of time and space. Combined with the epidemiology Study to determine the epidemiological relationship between the two cluster epidemic cases and cases. Results In April 2013, two local outbreaks of measles (a total of 6 cases) occurred in Zhuhai City. Two cases of imported cases were simultaneously infected with two local staff in the same ward during hospitalization. Another case was local infection. The performance of family aggregation, the third generation of cases. There are no epidemiological associations between the two clusters of outbreaks. Conclusion The time curve can intuitively show the time distribution of patients’ exposure, incidence, infection and hospitalization. Combined with the case-based transmission chain diagram and epidemiological investigation, the epidemiological correlation between cases can be well identified.