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对普通小麦×东方旱麦草这一完全不育局间杂种Ｆ_１的无性系在培养基组成、外植体大小对 诱导率的影响和接种方法等方面进行了系统研究，建立了对其进行长期保存的技术体系：选择２_ｎ=３５ 的Ｆ_１正常植株为培养对象，以 １．１～３．０ｃｍ的幼穗为外植体，剪切足够细碎后接种于ＭＳ诱导培养基 （ＭＳ无机元素＋Ｗ_１４有机成分＋４００ｍｇ／Ｌ ＬＨ＋１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ Ａｓｐ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ ２，４—Ｄ）上，对形成的愈伤组 织通过变化２，４—Ｄ浓度进行调控和继代培养，在Ｎ_６分化培养基（Ｎ_６＋４００ｍｇ／Ｌ ＬＨ＋１５０ｍｇ／ＬＡｓｐ ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＩＡＡ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＫＴ）上分化成苗，用Ｎ_６培养基（Ｎ_６＋４００ｍｇ／Ｌ ＬＨ＋１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ Ａｓｐ＋１０ ｍｇ／Ｌ ＩＡＡ）壮苗并擗分蘖扩繁。对该杂种的体细胞无性系后代进行鉴定发现，再生植株的染色体数目 变化于３２～３５之间，其中２ｎ＝３２的再生植株占１９．６％，２ｎ＝３３的植株占６．５％，其余７４．９％均为２ｎ ＝３５的正常植株。对其中株形变异明显的１个Ｆ_１再生植株进行的详细研究发现，其株高和分蘖力分 别为正常植株的４９．１％和４９．９％，但回交成胚率则是正常植株的９．１倍。研究结果表明，普
In this paper, we conducted a systematic study on the composition of the medium, the effect of explant size on the induction rate, and the inoculation method of the sterile wheat F1 hybrid, : F_1 normal plants with 2_n = 35 were selected as the culture objects, and 1.1 ~ 3.0 cm young panicles were used as explants. After the cuttings were finely crushed and inoculated on MS induction medium (MS inorganic element + W_14 organic fraction +400 mg / L LH + 150 mg / L Asp + 2 mg / L 2,4-D), the formed callus was regulated and subcultured by changing the concentration of 2,4-D in N6 differentiation medium + 0.5 mg / L IAA + 0.2 mg / L KT). The seedlings were nurtured with N_6 medium (N_6 + 400 mg / L LH + 150 mg / L Asp + 10 mg / L IAA) Identification of the somatic clones of the hybrids showed that the number of chromosomes in the regenerated plants varied from 32 to 35, among which regenerated plants with 2n = 32 accounted for 19.6%, plants with 2n = 33 accounted for 6.5% The remaining 74.9% were 2n = 35 normal plants. A detailed study on one F_1 regenerated plant with obvious variation in plant form found that the plant height and tillering power were 49.1% and 49.9% of those of normal plants, respectively, but the rate of embryo backcrossing was normal 9.1 times. Research results show that general