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建立了高速列车头车的有限元模型,运用有限元软件LS-DYNA模拟了头车碰撞刚性墙的冲击过程。在碰撞发生时,原有设计方案的牵引梁主体的变形以整体屈曲为主,不利于缓冲吸能。在对原设计的耐撞性分析的基础上,建议对原有牵引梁结构加以改进,并在前端增加两组不同尺寸和厚度的带圆角的方管作为缓冲吸能管,考虑了在缓冲管中填充泡沫铝与否,形成了4种设计方案。数值模拟结果表明,与原设计方案相比,新方案的整个头车的吸能量有大幅度提高,刚性墙反力的峰值也有一定程度的降低,采用大的圆角半径的厚管并填充泡沫铝的方案的改进效果最明显。
The finite element model of high-speed train wagon was established. The impact process of the wagon collision rigid wall was simulated by the finite element software LS-DYNA. In the event of a collision, the deformation of the main body of the traction beam of the original design scheme is dominated by overall buckling, which is not conducive to buffering energy absorption. Based on the analysis of the crashworthiness of the original design, it is suggested to improve the structure of the original towing beam and to add two groups of square tubes with rounded corners of different sizes and thicknesses at the front end as buffer tube, Filled with aluminum foam or not, forming a 4 kinds of design options. Numerical simulation results show that compared with the original design scheme, the energy absorption of the whole head car of the new scheme is greatly increased, and the peak of the rigid wall reaction force is also reduced to a certain extent. The thick pipe with large fillet radius is used to fill the foam The most obvious improvement of aluminum solutions.