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1982年,澳大利亚学者首先从人胃黏膜中培养出幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,HP),并确定它与胃十二指肠疾病的发病有关。有关HP感染的诊断和治疗取得了很大的进展。HP是一种呈螺旋状或S形、微需氧的革兰阴性杆菌,专一性定居于人胃,是人类慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌和胃黏膜相关淋巴样组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的主要病因。HP在人群中的感染率非常高,而且一经感染,若不根除治疗,将终生携带,携带者是HP的传染源。HP感染的诊断方法分为两大类,侵入性和非侵入性。侵入性方法通过胃镜活检胃黏膜组织做细菌培养、组织病理学和快速尿素酶试验。非侵入性方法有血清学检查,13C、14C尿素呼气试验,聚合酶链反应(PCR)粪便HP抗原试验和尿液HP抗体试验等。HP相关疾病的治疗普遍采用2003年安徽桐城共识意见及2005年第4次全国HP学术会议上推荐的治疗方案。
In 1982, Australian scholars first cultivated Helicobacter pylori (HP) from human gastric mucosa and determined that it was associated with the development of gastroduodenal diseases. Great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of HP infection. HP is a helical or S-shaped, microaerophilic Gram-negative bacilli that specifically colonizes the human stomach and is a human chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma The main etiology. HP infection rate in the population is very high, and once infected, if not eradicated treatment, will be carried for life, is the source of HP infection. HP infection diagnosis methods fall into two broad categories, invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods Gastroscopy biopsy of gastric mucosa bacterial culture, histopathology and rapid urease test. Noninvasive methods are serological tests, 13C, 14C urea breath test, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) stool HP antigen test and urine HP antibody test. The treatment of HP-related diseases generally adopts the consensus opinion of Anhui Tongcheng in 2003 and the treatment plan recommended by the 4th National HP Academic Conference in 2005.