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Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacies of initial gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) and paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) 1st-line chemotherapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and observe their side effects.Methods: Eighty-one cases were randomly divided into two groups: GP group and TP group.In GP group, adminis-tered gemcitabine (GEM)1000mg/m2 on clays 1 and 8; i.v.cisplatin (DDP) 30mg/m2 from days 2 to 4 on a 28-day cycle.In TP group, administered paclitaxel (PTX) 175 mg/m2 on day 1, i.v.DDP 30mg/m2 from days 2 to 4 on a 28-day cycle.Results:GP group had an overall response rate (ORR; CR+PR) of 45.0% (18/40).TP had an overall response rate of 43.2% (16/37).Short-term ORR had no significant difference between two groups (X2= 0.527, P= 0.957).GP had median survival time of 11 months and 37.7% of one-year survival rate, while TP showed 11 months of median survival time and 31.7% of one-year survival rate.Survival had no significant difference between two groups (X2=0.140, P=0.708).However, main side effects varied.Thrombocytopenia of GP group was significantly more than that of TP group, while peripheral neuritis, nausea/vomit-ing and myalgia of TP group were significantly more than those of GP group.Conclusion: Both GP and TP regimens had no significant difference in short-term treatment effect and survival rate for initial treatment of advanced NSCLC, However, side effects related to GP regimen treatment were slighter.Therefore, it was considered as the preferred initial first-line treatment for NSCLC.