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我们提出一种新的构造分析方法,该方法中,通过地震反射剖面网及正演平衡模拟,可以制作有关轴面(褶皱枢纽)的图件。轴面图(1)确定褶皱的走向、横向界限及构造闭合度,(2)限定了下伏断层的几何形态及滑移情况,以及(3)突出和连接了可以通过一系列平衡模型或横剖面进行解释的区域。对加利福尼亚南部和宾夕法尼亚东北部的褶皱图件与正演模拟结果进行了比较,并利用断弯褶皱理论,将其用于构成平衡的三维构造解释。由平衡的断弯褶皱模拟得到的轴面图件确定了图件模式和构造几何形态及断层滑移之间的理论关系。确定了平面图上对偶轴面之间扭折带的宽度与下伏断层滑移的关系。可在轴面图件上确定出的断层滑移的侧向变化,有可能使褶皱倾伏并产生侧向闭合。图上轴面的中断、弯曲或错移也可能反映地下断层的几何形态的变化包括侧向和倾斜断坡的变化。依据这些褶皱作用和断裂作用之间的关系,我们开发了平面图解释并且穿过构造的平衡剖面,与沿趋势带的地质情况相符。
We propose a new method of tectonic analysis in which the map of the axial plane (fold hinge) can be made by the seismic reflection profile network and the forward balance simulation. (1) Determine fold direction, lateral and structural closure, (2) Determine the underlying fault geometry and slippage, and (3) Highlight and connect a series of horizontal and vertical Section to explain the area. Comparisons of the folds and forward modeling results for southern California and northeastern Pennsylvania are used to establish a balanced three-dimensional tectonic interpretation using the broken fold theory. Axial maps obtained from balanced break-bend folds define the theoretical relationship between map patterns and structural geometry and fault slip. The relationship between the width of the kink band between the dual axial planes and the underlying fault slip was confirmed. Lateral variations in fault slip that can be identified on the map of the axes make it possible to pitch the folds and create a lateral closure. Interruptions, bending, or misalignment of the axial surfaces of the diagrams may also reflect changes in the geometry of the underground faults, including lateral and declination. Based on the relationship between these fold effects and faulting, we developed a balanced profile that was interpreted in plan view and passed through the tectonics, consistent with the geology along the trend belt.