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目的观察纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)对肺不张患者的病因诊断价值,并分析镜下表现特点。方法选择经我院临床及X线诊断为肺不张的患者256例为研究对象,按照年龄分为青年组、中年组和老年组。分析各组的病因分布特征,观察不同病因的镜下病变特点。结果中老年组占69.5%(178/256),肺癌占56.3%(144/256);青年组主要病因为炎症,占41.0%;肺癌中以鳞癌最常见,占57.6%(83/144),镜下主要表现为管腔内新生物。结论纤支镜弥补了临床及X线无法进行病因诊断的缺陷,可依据镜下表现特点而明确诊断。
Objective To investigate the etiological diagnosis of patients with atelectasis by fiberoptic bronchoscopy (bronchofibroscopy) and to analyze the microscopic features. Methods A total of 256 patients with atelectasis diagnosed by clinical and X-ray in our hospital were selected as study subjects and divided into young group, middle-aged group and elderly group by age. Analysis of the etiology distribution characteristics of each group, observe the different causes of microscopic lesions. Results The middle-aged and elderly patients accounted for 69.5% (178/256) and the lung cancer accounted for 56.3% (144/256). The main cause of the youth was inflammation (41.0%). The most common cause was squamous cell carcinoma in lung cancer (57.6%, 83/144) , The main performance of the microscope as a new tube lumen. Conclusion Fiberoptic bronchoscopy can make up for the defect that clinical and X-ray can not diagnose etiology, which can be diagnosed clearly according to the microscopic appearance.