笔者(菊池卓郎)曾于1977年7月下旬起,用了两个月时间,考察了以西德为中心的西欧各国的苹果密植栽培,重点是密植栽培的整形修剪技术。目的供日本借鉴。西欧各国除挪威外,均属欧洲共同体的国家,这些国家苹果栽培情况如表1所示。西德既是大量生产苹果之国,又是大量输入 Author (Kikuchi Sauro) had spent two months starting from late July 1977, examining the close planting of apple trees in Western European countries with West Germany as the center, focusing on the cultivation of plastic pruning techniques. Purpose for Japan to learn from. All countries in Western Europe except Norway belong to the European Community. The cultivation of apples in these countries is shown in Table 1. West Germany is both a large number of countries producing apple, but also a large number of inputs