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目的了解2011—2015年金山区肺结核病的流行状况,为今后结核病防治工作开展提供参考依据。方法通过全国结核病信息管理系统收集2011—2015年上海市金山区肺结核疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果 2011—2015年共登记肺结核患者1 091例,年均肺结核发病率分别为29.06/10万,涂阳率、菌阳率分别为48.49%和65.26%;户籍人口和流动人口肺结核年均发病率分别为30.03/10万和26.90/10万;肺结核类型以继发性(Ⅲ型)为主(98.99%),患者主要来源于因症就诊(60.59%);4~10月份为该区肺结核相对高发月份;男女性别比为2.44:1,肺结核发病以55岁及以上患者为主,占47.84%;职业分布以农民为主(30.34%),其次为离退人员(16.41%)、工人(13.84%)、家务及待业(11.46%)。结论上海市金山区肺结核疫情维持在较低水平,但2011—2015年期间并未见明显下降趋势,涂阳率和菌阳率居高不下,发病以男性居多,集中在成人尤其是老年人。在今后工作中,应继续加强该区结核病防控工作,尤其应重点关注肺结核高发人群。
Objective To understand the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Jinshan District from 2011 to 2015 and provide a reference for future prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods The data of tuberculosis outbreak in Shanghai Jinshan District from 2011 to 2015 were collected through the National Tuberculosis Information Management System, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 1 091 cases of tuberculosis were registered in 2011-2015. The annual average incidence of tuberculosis was 29.06 / 100 000, smear-positive rates and bacteria positive rates were 48.49% and 65.26% respectively. The annual average incidence of tuberculosis in registered permanent residents and floating population (30.03 / 100000 and 26.90 / 100000 respectively). The main types of tuberculosis were secondary (type Ⅲ) (98.99%). The patients mainly came from the symptomatic treatment (60.59%). The incidence of tuberculosis The proportion of male to female was 2.44: 1. The incidence of tuberculosis was mainly in patients aged 55 and over, accounting for 47.84%. The distribution of occupations was dominated by peasants (30.34%), followed by retired staff (16.41%) and workers %), Housework and unemployed (11.46%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Jinshan District of Shanghai is kept at a low level. However, there is no obvious downward trend during 2011-2015. The prevalence of smear positive rate and bacterial positive rate are high. The incidence of tuberculosis is mostly male and concentrated in adults, especially the elderly. In future work, we should continue to step up efforts to prevent and control tuberculosis in this area, with special emphasis on high TB population.