科学技术是第一生产力,这是理论观点。要使这一理论变成推动社会进步的现实力量,必须使科学技术物化,使之变为现实的生产力。科学技术物化为现实生产力的过程,就是科学技术成果的社会扩散、转移,实现商品化、产业化的过程。据统计,全国每年科技成果在经济建设中得以推广应用的仅为10%～20%,高校的科技成果真正能直接转化为工业性产品生产的转化率尚不足5%。因而,作为我国科技成 Science and technology are primary productive forces, which is the theoretical point of view. To make this theory an actual force for promoting social progress, we must materialize science and technology and turn it into a productive force in reality. The process of reorganization of science and technology into actual productive forces is the social diffusion and transfer of achievements in science and technology and the realization of the process of commercialization and industrialization. According to statistics, the annual scientific and technological achievements in the whole country can be popularized and applied in economic construction only 10% -20%. The conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities that can be directly converted into industrial products is still less than 5%. Therefore, as our science and technology into