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对隧道汽车火灾进行分析认为,汽油等液态燃烧物是控制隧道车辆火灾的关键因素。针对汽油等液态燃烧物的燃烧,设计多孔结构的OGFC混合料,进行不同空隙率OGFC-13混合料的汽油模拟燃烧试验,以武汉市过江隧道为依托背景设计隧道路面结构,并通过室内试验与材料成本计算进行技术经济评价。研究结果表明,多孔结构可以迅速排逸路表的液态燃烧物,阻止火势蔓延。空隙率对OGFC混合料的防火阻燃性能具有重要影响,随着空隙率增大,燃烧时间缩短,逃逸汽油量增加,温度降度。但当空隙率达到20%以上时,孔隙过大,燃油蒸气扩散至路表,导致防火阻燃性能降低,18%～20%为OGFC-13防火阻燃性能最优的空隙率范围。以OGFC-13为面层设计隧道防火路面,不但路用性能优于SM A-13面层,而且节约了材料成本,值得推广应用。
According to the analysis of tunnel car fires, the liquid combustion products such as gasoline are the key factors to control the fire of tunnel vehicles. Aiming at the combustion of liquid combustion products such as gasoline and so on, the OGFC mixture with porous structure was designed to simulate the gasoline combustion experiment with different porosity OGFC-13 mixture. The tunnel structure of tunnel was designed based on the Wuhan river tunnel, Technical and economic evaluation with material cost calculation. The results show that the porous structure can quickly drain the liquid combustion products to stop the spread of fire. The void fraction has an important influence on the fire retardancy of OGFC. With the increase of void fraction, the combustion time is shortened, the amount of escape gasoline is increased and the temperature is decreased. However, when the porosity is more than 20%, the porosity is too large, and the diffusion of fuel vapor into the road surface leads to a decrease in the flame retardancy of the flame retardant. The porosity range of 18% to 20% is the best for the flame retardancy of OGFC-13. Using OGFC-13 as the surface layer to design the tunnel fireproof pavement, not only the road performance is better than SM A-13, but also the material cost is saved, so it is worth popularizing and applying.