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新疆的哈萨克、柯尔克孜、蒙古等民族是传统的游牧民族,至今仍以从事草原畜牧业生产为主要生计方式。由新疆传统游牧民族构成的游牧社会中,生存贫困和相对贫困这两种贫困并存。本文从新疆牧区贫困的自然社会背景因素,政府的牧区扶贫,定居与反贫困等方面进行了深入的探讨,提出人文资源的开发是新疆游牧民族现代化进程中反贫困的选择路径之一。
Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and other ethnic groups are the traditional nomads, is still engaged in grassland animal husbandry production as the main way of livelihood. In the nomadic society formed by the traditional nomads in Xinjiang, two kinds of poverty exist: living poverty and relative poverty. In this paper, the natural background of poverty in Xinjiang pastoral areas, the government’s pastoral poverty alleviation, settlement and anti-poverty were discussed in depth. It is proposed that the development of human resources is one of the options of anti-poverty in the process of Xinjiang’s nomadic modernization.