李氏朝鲜以儒立国,严守夷夏之辨,在明清易代后对中国心生鄙夷,导致其固步自封。燕行使北学派的奠基人洪大容对夷夏之辨进行了深入反思,他晚年的作品《医山问答》中体现了他成熟的新华夷观,而其理论基础“以天视物”正来源于《庄子》的“以道观之”。 Lee North Korea to Confucianism, strict observance of the barbarians, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties after the contempt for the Chinese heart and soul, resulting in its self-reserved. Yan Hongrong, the founder of the northern school of Yan, conducted in-depth introspection on the discrimination of Yi Xia. His later work, “Medical Hill Q & A” embodies his mature new view of Hua Yi, whose theoretical basis is “ From ”Zhuangzi“ ”To Taoist ".