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植物学性状特征是研究植物遗传分化及多样性最基础、最直观的方法,是区分橡胶树品种和判断种质遗传变异的重要依据。本研究对129份橡胶树野生种质的茎围、株高、分枝角度、嫩叶色、老叶色、叶柄长、叶长、叶宽、叶厚、叶面积等10个植物学性状参数进行了测量,并作变异性及相关性分析。结果表明,变异性方面,分枝角度变异系数为40.53%,茎围变异系数为28.52%,其余植物学性质变异系数也较大;相关性方面,橡胶树野生种质生长量相关的茎围、株高、叶面积、小叶长、小叶宽等5个植物学性状具显著相关性,说明上述性状可为橡胶树速生品种选育提供参考。本研究通过橡胶树植物学性状变异性及相关性分析,初步阐明了橡胶树野生种质的资源丰富程度,可为后续的橡胶树性状全基因组关联分析及种质创新研究提供基础数据。
Botany traits are the most basic and most intuitive way to study plant genetic differentiation and diversity. It is an important basis for distinguishing rubber tree species and judging germplasm genetic variation. In this study, the morphological characters of 10 botanical characters such as stem circumference, plant height, branch angle, tender leaf color, old leaf color, petiole length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, Measured, and for variability and correlation analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of branch angle was 40.53% and the coefficient of variation of stem circumference was 28.52%, and the coefficient of variation of other botanical properties was also larger. In the correlation aspect, the stem circumference, Height, leaf area, leaflet length, leaflet width and other five botanical traits were significantly correlated, indicating that the above traits may provide a quick reference for selection of rubber tree rapid growing varieties. In this study, we initially clarified the abundance of wild germplasm resources of rubber trees by analyzing the variability and correlation of the botany characters of rubber trees, and provided the basic data for the follow-up genome-wide association analysis of rubber tree traits and germplasm innovation.