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目的了解淄博市食源性疾病患者中致泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)的分布特点,为食源性疾病的防治提供依据。方法对2014年-2016年淄博市两家哨点医院1 535例食源性疾病患者粪便中分离的可疑DEC354株进行毒力基因检测,确定DEC的致病型别及毒力基因。结果 1 535例食源性疾病患者粪便中共检出DEC73株,其中肠聚集性大肠埃希菌(EAEC)51株、肠产毒性大肠埃希菌(ETEC)11株、肠致病性大肠埃希菌(EPEC)9株、肠出血性大肠埃希菌(EHEC)1株、肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌(EIEC)1株。0岁~12岁患者检出10例;13岁~44岁患者检出49例;45岁~59岁患者检出8例;≥60岁患者检出6例。DEC导致的食源性疾病多发于夏秋季,6月-11月检出66例,占90.41%。结论淄博地区DEC致病型别以EAEC为主;不同年龄人群检出率有差异,13岁~44岁检出率最高,好发于夏秋季。DEC携带有不同的毒力基因,表明其侵袭力和致病力具有多样性与复杂性。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of diarrheal Escherichia coli (DEC) in patients with food-borne diseases in Zibo City, and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of foodborne diseases. Methods Susceptible strains of DEC354 isolated from feces of 1 535 food-borne disease patients from two sentinel hospitals in Zibo City during 2014-2016 were tested for virulence genes and their pathogenicity and virulence genes were determined. Results DEC73 strains were detected in feces of 1 535 food-borne disease patients, including 51 strains of enterobacteriaceae (EAEC), 11 strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli 9 strains of bacteria (EPEC), 1 strain of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and 1 strain of intestinal-invasive Escherichia coli (EIEC). 10 cases were detected in patients aged 0-12 years; 49 cases were detected in patients aged 13-44 years; 8 cases were detected in patients aged 45-59 years; 6 cases were detected in patients ≥60 years. The food-borne diseases caused by DEC mainly occur in summer and autumn, and 66 cases (90.41%) were detected in June-November. Conclusion The pathogenicity of DEC in Zibo area is dominated by EAEC. The detection rates of different age groups are different. The detection rate is the highest in 13 years old to 44 years old and occurs predominantly in summer and autumn. DEC carries different virulence genes, indicating the diversity and complexity of its invasiveness and virulence.