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目的了解六安市5岁以下儿童死亡情况、死亡原因,探讨可行性的干预措施。方法根据2006~2014年六安市5岁以下儿童6个死亡监测点资料,分析5岁以下儿童死亡水平,主要死亡原因及城市和农村地区儿童死亡水平比较。结果 9年间,5岁以下儿童死亡率总体呈下降趋势,新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童平均死亡率分别是5.51‰、7.02‰、9.17‰,其中婴儿死亡数占5岁以下儿童死亡的76.56%,新生儿死亡数又占婴儿死亡的60.16%;5岁以下儿童死亡前五位死因顺位依次为出生窒息、早产/低出生体重、意外死亡、先天性心脏病、先天异常。结论降低婴儿死亡率特别是新生儿死亡率是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。
Objective To understand the death of children under 5 years old in Lu’an City, the causes of death and the feasibility of intervention. Methods Based on the data of 6 deaths monitoring points for children under 5 years old in Lu’an from 2006 to 2014, the author analyzed the death level of children under 5 years of age, the main causes of death and the comparison of child deaths in urban and rural areas. Results The overall mortality rate of children younger than 5 years showed a downward trend in 9 years. The average death rates of newborns, infants and children under 5 years old were 5.51 ‰, 7.02 ‰ and 9.17 ‰ respectively, of which infant deaths accounted for 76.56% of those under 5 years old %, The number of newborn deaths accounted for 60.16% of infant deaths; the top five death causes of children under 5 years of age were birth asphyxia, premature birth / low birth weight, accidental death, congenital heart disease and congenital anomalies. Conclusion Reducing infant mortality, especially neonatal mortality, is the key to reducing mortality among children under five years of age.