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目的探讨高原环境下慢性高原病并发急性高原病的情况。方法选取我院2000年~2012年收治的符合筛选标准5000例住院患者,随访7~10年,将其分慢性高原病住院者为观察组,非高原病首次住院者为对照组。对急性高原病的发病情况进行观察,且进行临床流行病学的分析。结果随着观察年限的延长,对照组急性高原病发病率会逐渐增加,而观察组则不会。在急性高原病的逐年发病率和累计发病率方面,观察组要显著高于对照组,P<0.05,有统计学意义。除观察组高原肺水肿及高原脑水肿外,观察组在三型急性高原病发病率上要显著高于对照组,P<0.05,有统计学意义。急性轻型高原病是高原心脏病和蒙赫病的急性高原病发病率主要构成。结论相较于高原习服人员,慢性高原病患者发生急性高原病风险更大,其中比较显著的是高原心脏病和蒙赫病。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of acute mountain sickness in chronic high altitude sickness in plateau environment. Methods A total of 5000 inpatients who met the screening criteria from 2000 to 2012 in our hospital were selected and followed up for 7 to 10 years. The patients were divided into two groups: the hospitalized patients with chronic high altitude sickness and the first hospitalized with non-altitude sickness as the control group. The incidence of acute altitude sickness was observed, and clinical epidemiological analysis. Results With the extension of the observation period, the incidence of acute altitude sickness in the control group gradually increased, while the observation group did not. In the incidence of acute altitude sickness and cumulative incidence, the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, P <0.05, with statistical significance. In addition to the observation group of high altitude pulmonary edema and high altitude brain edema, the observation group in the incidence of three types of acute altitude sickness was significantly higher than the control group, P <0.05, with statistical significance. Acute light-plateau disease is the main cause of the incidence of acute altitude sickness in the plateau and Mongolian diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with plateau service workers, patients with chronic high altitude sickness are at greater risk of developing acute mountain sickness, of which the most obvious are plateau heart disease and Mongolian disease.