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目的了解阿勒泰市3岁以下哈萨克族小儿的贫血患病情况及其影响因素,并为进一步研究提供依据。方法于2014年6月-2015年6月采用整群抽样方法抽取该地区符合研究标准的793名哈萨克族小儿为研究对象,采集基本信息、血样本和饮食习惯等信息,运用统计学方法进行描述和分析。结果 1岁组、2岁组和3岁组儿童贫血患病率依次为65.5%、75.4%、52.9%;血红蛋白(HGB)在各年龄组内的水平依次为(101.80±18.95)g/L、(95.80±18.81)g/L、(106.00±21.81)g/L;混合喂养儿童的贫血患病率低于单纯母乳喂养儿童;饮用自来水/渠水的儿童贫血患病率低于饮用井水的儿童;习惯经常喝浓茶或奶茶的儿童贫血患病率明显高于很少或不喝浓茶或奶茶的儿童;习惯经常食用新鲜蔬菜和冬至菜的儿童的患病率低于极少食用者。添加辅食时间在0~3月内、3~6月内、6~9月内和9~12月内的贫血患病率分别为55.9%、64.3%、70.3%和77.4%。结论阿勒泰市哈萨克族儿童的贫血患病率较高,HGB水平在各年龄组之间存在差异,儿童贫血与其特定的饮食习惯和结构有较大关系,早期添加辅食可有效降低贫血的发生和发展。
Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia and its influencing factors in Kazak children under 3 years old in Altay city and to provide basis for further research. Methods From June 2014 to June 2015, a total of 793 Kazak children who met the research standards in this area were enrolled in this study. Samples of basic information, blood samples and dietary habits were collected and analyzed by using statistical methods And analysis. Results The prevalence of anemia in children aged 1 year, 2 years and 3 years was 65.5%, 75.4% and 52.9%, respectively. The levels of hemoglobin in all age groups were (101.80 ± 18.95) g / L, (95.80 ± 18.81) g / L and (106.00 ± 21.81) g / L, respectively. The prevalence of anemia in mixed feeding children was lower than that of single breastfeeding children. The prevalence of anemia in drinking tap water and canal water was lower than that in drinking well water Children; children who used to drink strong tea or milk tea frequently had a significantly higher prevalence of anemia than children with little or no tea or milk tea; children who were used to regular consumption of fresh vegetables and winter solstice were less likely than those who rarely consumed it . Supplementary feeding time in 0 to 3 months, 3 to 6 months, 6 to 9 months and 9 to 12 months the prevalence of anemia were 55.9%, 64.3%, 70.3% and 77.4%. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of anemia in Kazakh children in Altay city. The level of HGB varies among different age groups. Anemia in children is closely related to their specific eating habits and structure. Early supplementation may reduce the occurrence and development of anemia .