目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染与不同地域食管癌(EC)发生的病因学关系。方法在中国知网,检索有关EC发生与HPV感染相关的研究文献,研究纳入标准是:以原位杂交或聚合酶链反应为检测方法检测高危型HPV DNA,并且研究文献所选用病例既有EC组织又有正常对照组织。结果入选17篇文献中:EC组织标本HPV检出率为44.0%,正常对照组织中HPV阳性率为16.7%,EC组织中HPV感染率与正常对照组织有显著差异(P<0.05);分布在香港、上海、福建、广东、河南、四川、河北和新疆8个区域的被检标本中HPV感染率存在明显的地域差异(P<0.05)。结论高危型HPV感染在不同地域普遍存在,可能是EC发生的重要病原因子。 Objective To investigate the etiological relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and esophageal cancer (EC) in different regions. Methods To search for relevant research papers about EC occurrence and HPV infection in China Knitting Net. The inclusion criteria of this study were: detection of high-risk HPV DNA by in situ hybridization or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the cases selected in the literature were both EC The organization has normal control tissues. Results Among the 17 articles selected, HPV was detected in 44.0% of EC specimens and 16.7% of HPV specimens in normal control tissues. The HPV infection rate in EC tissues was significantly different from that of normal tissues (P <0.05) There was a significant regional difference (P <0.05) in HPV infection rates among the tested samples in Hong Kong, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong, Henan, Sichuan, Hebei and Xinjiang. Conclusion High-risk HPV infection is prevalent in different regions and may be an important pathogenic factor of EC.