目的:寻找维吾尔族2型糖尿病人与维吾尔族正常人、哈萨克族2型糖尿病人与哈萨克族正常人以及2个民族2型糖尿病人之间外周血白细胞mRNA差异表达的基因。方法:应用荧光mRNA差异显示技术分析2个民族2型糖尿病人和正常人外周血白细胞,分离差异表达的基因片段后测序,测序结果提交GenBank进行同源性分析。差异条带经反向Northern blot验证。结果:发现2个民族糖尿病人与正常人之间均存在差异片段,但差异并不集中在某个民族的正常人或2型糖尿病人中,而是离散分布。筛选出的12个差异表达明显的cDNA片段高度同源于人类染色体上的某些区域,但50%以上功能目前尚不清楚。结论:发现的12个在维吾尔族和哈萨克族2型糖尿病人与正常人外周血白细胞中差异表达的基因可能与2型糖尿病有关。 OBJECTIVE: To find the differentially expressed genes of peripheral blood leukocytes between type 2 diabetic Uygur and Uighur normal subjects, type 2 diabetic Kazaks and normal Kazakhs and 2 ethnic type 2 diabetics. Methods: Fluorescent mRNA differential display technique was used to analyze peripheral blood leukocytes from 2 ethnic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal subjects. The differentially expressed genes were isolated and sequenced. The sequencing results were submitted to GenBank for homology analysis. Differential bands were verified by reverse Northern blot. Results: There were differences between the two ethnic diabetics and normal subjects, but the difference was not concentrated in the normal people or type 2 diabetics of a certain ethnic group but was discretely distributed. The 12 differentially expressed cDNA fragments were highly homologous to certain regions of the human chromosome, but more than 50% of the features were not yet known. CONCLUSION: The 12 differentially expressed genes found in peripheral blood leukocytes of Uygur and Kazak type 2 diabetics and normal people may be related to type 2 diabetes mellitus.