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北京作为数朝古都,刑场不断地迁徙,最早的刑场可以追溯到元朝,那时,北京(时称大都)处决死囚的刑场在柴市口(今东城区交道口)。到了明朝原设在柴市口的刑场搬到了西四牌楼(今西四)。清朝入京后,内城成为八旗驻守的清一色天下,将刑场移到外城“菜市口”。柴市口,西四牌楼,菜市口,皆属老北京的交通要道。在闹市区行刑问斩,便于示众。
As the capital of several dynasties, Beijing continued to migrate the execution ground. The earliest execution ground dates back to the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the execution ground for death row prisoners in Beijing (most of the time) was in Chai Shikou (now Dongcheng District crossings). To the Ming Dynasty original in Chai Shikou’s execution ground moved to the West Fourth Archway (now West Fourth). After the Qing Dynasty came to Beijing, the inner city became the only place where the Eight Banners were stationed. The criminal field was moved to the outer city of “Vegetable Market”. Chai Shi Kou, West Fourth arches, Caishikou, are all the old Beijing traffic arteries. Execution in the downtown area cut, easy to show the public.