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氡、氡子体及其剂量与允许浓度氡(~(222)Rn)是一种惰性气体,是铀镭放射系中镭(~(226)Ra)α衰变的产物,故又名镭射气。镭又是铀(~(238)U)的一个衰变产物。由于铀几乎无处不有,因此到处都有氡。当然铀矿井下氡气最多,不过一般矿山含铀虽比铀矿低千百倍,但如通风不好井下氡浓度可以比通风好的铀矿还高。氡具放射性。但因氡是气体,吸入又可呼出,很快出入平衡,而且进入体内的氡均匀散布全身,故其在肺部形成的照射剂量很小。危害更大的是氡α衰变后形成的短寿命子体,它们是镤、铅、铋等金属粒子,吸入后可不断沉积在支气管粘膜表面,其中RaA和RaG′释放α射线,在组织内的射程为47及71微米,恰好足够击中支气管上皮的基底细胞,导致其癌变。氡的浓度用每升空气的放射性(居里Gi)
Radon, Radon and its dose and allowable concentration of 氡 (222 Rn) is an inert gas, which is the product of the decay of radium (~(226) Ra) alpha in the uranium radium system. It is also known as laser gas. Radium is also a decay product of uranium (~(238)U). Because uranium is almost everywhere, there are blemishes everywhere. Of course, uranium mines have the most helium in the borehole. However, in general, uranium contains uranium, which is thousands of times lower than uranium. However, if it is not well ventilated, the concentration of thorium can be higher than that of ventilated uranium. Cookware is radioactive. However, because helium is a gas, it can be exhaled by inhalation, and it quickly enters and exits the balance, and the cesium that enters the body spreads evenly throughout the body, so the amount of radiation that forms in the lungs is very small. The more harmful are the short-lived daughters formed after the decay of 氡α, which are metal particles such as lanthanum, lead and bismuth, which can be continuously deposited on the surface of bronchial mucosa after inhalation. RaA and RaG′ release α-rays in the tissues. The range is 47 and 71 microns, just enough to hit the basal cells of the bronchial epithelium, causing it to become cancerous. Concentration of radon with radioactivity per liter of air (Curie Gi)