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形容词和副词比较等级的知识点繁多,往往是语法学习的“拦路虎”。笔者从教学实践中发现,在掌握常见的基础知识后,如能准确记忆该知识点的经典句型,了解比较等级的相关修饰语,熟悉常见的句型转换模式,可达到“快刀斩乱麻”的学习效果。
一、经典句型
除了同学们在八年级已学习过的形容词比较级的基础句型外,以下句型也很经典噢。
1....the 比较级 of the two... 意为“……两者中较……”。例如:
Simon is the fatter of the two brothers.
西蒙是他们兄弟俩中较胖的一个。
2.The 比较级...,the 比较级... 的含义是“越……就越……”。例如:
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越是小心,错误就会犯得越少。
3.“比较级 and 比较级”或“more and more (部分双音节或多音节)形容词的原形”表示“越来越……”。 例如:
When spring comes,the weather gets warmer and warmer.
当春天来临时,天气变得越来越暖和。
Nanjing City is becoming more and more beautiful.
南京城正变得越来越漂亮。
4. “one of the 形容词最高级 可数名词复数形式”意为“最……中之一”。 例如:
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
上海是中国最大的城市之一。
5. “as 形容词/副词的原级 as”表示“……和……一样……”,其否定式为“not as/so 形容词/副词的原级 as”。例如:
Simon is fatter than I,so he can’t run as quickly as I.
西蒙比我胖,所以他跑不过我。
二、比较等级的修饰语
形容词或副词的三个比较等级都可以被某些词语所修饰。这也是各类测试命题的焦点。
1.原级可以被very,quite,too,so,as,much too等修饰。例如:
The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry.
那只盒子对于那小男孩而言太重了,他拎不动。
The coat is very beautiful,but it’s much too dear.
那件上衣很漂亮,但太贵了点。
2.比较级前可用much,far,a lot等修饰,表示“……得多”;用a little,a bit等修饰,表示“……一点儿”;用even,still等修饰,表示“更……”。例如:
I need much more money than he does.
我比他需要更多的钱。
This motorbike is a little cheaper than that one.
这辆摩托车比那辆要便宜点。
Your pencil-box is very beautiful,but mine is still more beautiful.
你的铅笔盒很漂亮,但我的更漂亮。
③最高级可以被序数词及nearly,almost等修饰。例如:
That is nearly the cheapest shirt in our shop.
那几乎是本店最便宜的衬衫了。
三、同义句转换
纵观近年各地试题,还会发现,形容词、副词比较等级的另一个命题热点是同义句转换。
1.借助于“not as/so...as”句型,可将形容词的比较级和最高级转化为原级。例如:
My bike is newer than yours.
→Your bike isn’t as new as mine.
2.最高级可以转化为比较级。在这个转变的过程中,一定要注意the other和any other的区别。试体会:
Li Dong is the tallest student in his class. (同义句)
【误】Li Dong is taller than the other student in his class.
【误】Li Dong is taller than any other students in his class.
【正】Li Dong is taller than the other students in his class.
【正】 Li Dong is taller than any other student in his class.
3.通过逻辑关系的转换,可将比较级仍转换成比较级。例如:
We all know the sun is bigger than the moon.
→We all know the moon is smaller than the sun.
I think English is more important than Japanese.
→I think Japanese is less important than English.
小试牛刀
单项选择,选择最佳答案。
1. As we all know the days getwhen autumn comes.
A. short and short B. long and long
C. shorter and shorter D. longer and longer
2. —Who isof the two?
—Kate is,I think.
A. tallB. tallerC. the tallestD. the taller
3. “ you study, you’ll be,” the mother said to her son.
A. The hard; the betterB. Harder; better
C. The harder; the better D. The hardest; the best
4. —Do you know Daniel?
—Of course,I do. He is one of my.
A. best friendB. better friendC. the best friendsD. best friends
5. This bike is too dear. Do you have one?
A. a cheapB. cheaperC. the cheaperD. a cheaper
Keys:C D C D D
一、经典句型
除了同学们在八年级已学习过的形容词比较级的基础句型外,以下句型也很经典噢。
1....the 比较级 of the two... 意为“……两者中较……”。例如:
Simon is the fatter of the two brothers.
西蒙是他们兄弟俩中较胖的一个。
2.The 比较级...,the 比较级... 的含义是“越……就越……”。例如:
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越是小心,错误就会犯得越少。
3.“比较级 and 比较级”或“more and more (部分双音节或多音节)形容词的原形”表示“越来越……”。 例如:
When spring comes,the weather gets warmer and warmer.
当春天来临时,天气变得越来越暖和。
Nanjing City is becoming more and more beautiful.
南京城正变得越来越漂亮。
4. “one of the 形容词最高级 可数名词复数形式”意为“最……中之一”。 例如:
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
上海是中国最大的城市之一。
5. “as 形容词/副词的原级 as”表示“……和……一样……”,其否定式为“not as/so 形容词/副词的原级 as”。例如:
Simon is fatter than I,so he can’t run as quickly as I.
西蒙比我胖,所以他跑不过我。
二、比较等级的修饰语
形容词或副词的三个比较等级都可以被某些词语所修饰。这也是各类测试命题的焦点。
1.原级可以被very,quite,too,so,as,much too等修饰。例如:
The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry.
那只盒子对于那小男孩而言太重了,他拎不动。
The coat is very beautiful,but it’s much too dear.
那件上衣很漂亮,但太贵了点。
2.比较级前可用much,far,a lot等修饰,表示“……得多”;用a little,a bit等修饰,表示“……一点儿”;用even,still等修饰,表示“更……”。例如:
I need much more money than he does.
我比他需要更多的钱。
This motorbike is a little cheaper than that one.
这辆摩托车比那辆要便宜点。
Your pencil-box is very beautiful,but mine is still more beautiful.
你的铅笔盒很漂亮,但我的更漂亮。
③最高级可以被序数词及nearly,almost等修饰。例如:
That is nearly the cheapest shirt in our shop.
那几乎是本店最便宜的衬衫了。
三、同义句转换
纵观近年各地试题,还会发现,形容词、副词比较等级的另一个命题热点是同义句转换。
1.借助于“not as/so...as”句型,可将形容词的比较级和最高级转化为原级。例如:
My bike is newer than yours.
→Your bike isn’t as new as mine.
2.最高级可以转化为比较级。在这个转变的过程中,一定要注意the other和any other的区别。试体会:
Li Dong is the tallest student in his class. (同义句)
【误】Li Dong is taller than the other student in his class.
【误】Li Dong is taller than any other students in his class.
【正】Li Dong is taller than the other students in his class.
【正】 Li Dong is taller than any other student in his class.
3.通过逻辑关系的转换,可将比较级仍转换成比较级。例如:
We all know the sun is bigger than the moon.
→We all know the moon is smaller than the sun.
I think English is more important than Japanese.
→I think Japanese is less important than English.
小试牛刀
单项选择,选择最佳答案。
1. As we all know the days getwhen autumn comes.
A. short and short B. long and long
C. shorter and shorter D. longer and longer
2. —Who isof the two?
—Kate is,I think.
A. tallB. tallerC. the tallestD. the taller
3. “ you study, you’ll be,” the mother said to her son.
A. The hard; the betterB. Harder; better
C. The harder; the better D. The hardest; the best
4. —Do you know Daniel?
—Of course,I do. He is one of my.
A. best friendB. better friendC. the best friendsD. best friends
5. This bike is too dear. Do you have one?
A. a cheapB. cheaperC. the cheaperD. a cheaper
Keys:C D C D D