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目的了解广西山区大化瑶族自治县近几年流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为今后制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集该县2005-2012年报告的流行性腮腺炎病例及儿童麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗(measles,mumps,andrubella,MMR)的接种资料,采用Excel2003、SPSS 11.5软件进行统计分析。结果该县过去的8年中共发现流行性腮腺炎病例535例,腮腺炎年均人群发病率为15.99/10万,健康人群MMR接种率平均为2.78%,而腮腺炎病例均未进行过MMR接种。该县腮腺炎病例全年均有出现,高峰期分别在初夏和冬季;4~7岁学龄前儿童发病率占44.86/10万;全县病例男女之比为1.82:1;全县16个乡镇均有病例报告,病例数最多的大化镇,年均人群发病率为39.90/10万,占总病例数的49.72%。结论尽管该县人群腮腺炎疫苗接种逐年增多,但近两年腮腺炎病例呈现增多趋势,需进一步加强对重点乡镇及重点人群特别是入学前后儿童MMR的接种及补种工作并提高疫苗接种的质量。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Dahua Yao Autonomous County of Guangxi in recent years and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment measures. Methods The epidemic mumps and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) inoculated in the county from 2005 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by Excel2003 and SPSS11.5 software. Results In the past eight years, 535 mumps cases were found in the county. The annual average incidence of mumps was 15.99 per 100 000. The average MMR in healthy population was 2.78%. MMR was not observed in mumps cases . The county mumps cases occur throughout the year, the peak in early summer and winter respectively; 4 to 7-year-old preschool-age children accounted for 44.86 / 100000; county cases of male and female ratio was 1.82: 1; 16 townships The case reports, the largest number of cases of the town of Dahua, the average annual population incidence was 39.90 / 100,000, accounting for 49.72% of the total number of cases. Conclusions Although mumps vaccination has been increasing year by year in the county, the incidence of mumps tends to increase in the past two years. It is necessary to further strengthen the vaccination and replanting of MMR in key towns and key populations, especially before and after enrollment, and to improve the quality of vaccination .